If you came here because of “Request to xxx failed with 410” error, it’s enough to upgrade
As you might have noticed, we started recommending Yarn as an alternative to Bower for new front-end projects. Main reasons are straightforward and written on its home page:
- Yarn uses checksums to verify the integrity of every installed package (like npm@5)
- Yarn uses lockfile to exactly reproduce installed packages each time (like npm@5)
- Yarn supports most features npm supports, and is able to force flattening of dependencies
So far it just wasn’t obvious how one could use Yarn for legacy Bower projects. Indeed, until recently Yarn neither could install Bower packages (i.e. GitHub repositories without package.json) nor resolve semver ranges on git tags. I focused on this for a while and the result is pleasing: Yarn 1.x is able to install most of Bower packages. But there’s a catch: it cannot resolve Bower dependencies.
But this is probably for the best as a) Yarn is meant as npm’s replacement b) one must admit npm’s CommonJS module ecosystem is better integrated than Bower’s globals/AMD modules c) Module authors currently suffer from supporting two module ecosystems (and dist files in repositories).
Admitting this doesn’t change the fact that it’s difficult to migrate a project that uses globals/AMD components to CommonJS all at once. Ideally you’d be able to install such project with Yarn as-is, and only then gradually replace AMD modules with CommonJS/ES6 equivalents. Solution: bower-away.
How it works?
Yarn is not only unable to resolve dependencies of Bower components (i.e. dependencies defined in bower.json, it looks just for ones in package.json), it also cannot translate names of Bower components to URLs of repositories as described in previous blogpost. bower-away gets away with this by resolving all dependencies with Bower, and adding all of them flattened to package.json.
The result is something as follows:
{
"dependencies": {
"@bower_components/almond" : "jrburke/almond#~0.2.9",
"@bower_components/angular" : "angular/bower-angular#^1.0.8",
"@bower_components/d3" : "mbostock-bower/d3-bower#~3.3.10"
}
}
Now, if you install this package.json with Yarn, node_modules/@bower_components will contain all components in exactly the same way they would be installed by Bower (sans generated .bower.json).
And not only that, if some component supports CommonJS interface, you can employ Webpack for precompiling and require it as so: const almond = require('@bower_components/almond').
For components that don’t support CommonJS, you can find their CommonJS equivalents and add them to project: yarn add d3@~3.3.10, then require as usual const d3 = require('d3')
But initially, the only change required in code is to change any reference to bower_components with node_modules/@bower_components (though you can link it somewhere else in postinstall script).
If you have any questions or find any issues with this script, please post issue at bower-away repository.
